Model Gallery
Antenna Decoupling Using Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) Metamaterial
An Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure can be used to increase the isolation between antennas close to each other. The decoupling effect is not only a function of frequency but also polarization and coupling-plane configuration. When designing an EBG structure, one needs to make sure to not apply an incorrect frequency and polarization, since this would increase the coupling between ...
H-bend Waveguide 2D and 3D
These examples show how to model a rectangular waveguide for microwaves in 2D and 3D. A single hollow waveguide can conduct two kinds of electromagnetic waves: transversal magnetic (TM) or transversal electric (TE) waves. The models examine a TE wave that has no electric field component in the direction of propagation. More specifically, for the models, you select the frequency and waveguide ...
Radar Cross Section
This tutorial model demonstrates the use of a background field in an electromagnetic scattering problem. Although this example is a boat hit by a radar, this same technique can be used in any situation where an isolated object meets electromagnetic waves from a distant source. For example, several orders of magnitude smaller, an equally common application is plasmon resonant nanoparticles. ...
Photonic Crystal
Photonic crystal devices are periodic structures of alternating layers of materials with different refractive indices. Waveguides that are confined inside of a photonic crystal can have very sharp low-loss bends, which may enable an increase in integration density of several orders of magnitude. This is a study of a photonic crystal waveguide. The crystal features a grid of GaAs pillars. ...
Microwave Oven
This is a model of the heating process in a microwave oven. The distributed heat source is computed in a stationary, frequency domain electromagnetic analysis followed. This is followed by a transient heat transfer simulation showing how the heat redistributes in the food.
Lossy Circular Waveguide
In mode analysis it is usually the primary goal to find a propagation constant. This quantity is often, but not always, real valued; if the analysis involves some lossy part, such as a nonzero conductivity or an open boundary, the eigenvalue is complex. In such situations, the real and imaginary parts have separate interpretations: The real part is the propagation constant The imaginary part is ...
Step Index Fiber
The transmission speed of optical waveguides is superior to microwave waveguides, because optical devices have a much higher operating frequency than microwaves, enabling a far higher bandwidth. This model is an example of a single step-index waveguide made of silica glass. The inner core is made of pure silica glass with refractive index n1 = 1.4457 and the cladding is doped, with a refractive ...
Coaxial to Waveguide Coupling
Feeding a waveguide from a coaxial cable is a straightforward way to achieve electromagnetic waves inside a waveguide. Due to its small size and circular shape, the cable contributes significantly to the overall size of the problem. It is therefore necessary to keep the cable as short as possible. This model shows how to use pairs and the Port boundary conditions to feed a rectangular ...
Waveguide Adapter
This is a model of an adapter for microwave propagation in the transition between a rectangular and an elliptical waveguide. Such waveguide adapters are designed to keep energy losses due to reflections at a minimum for the operating frequencies. To investigate the characteristics of the adapter, the simulation includes a wave traveling from a rectangular waveguide through the adapter and into an ...
Fresnel Equations
A plane electromagnetic wave propagating through free space is incident at an angle upon an infinite dielectric medium. This model computes the reflection and transmission coefficients and compares to the Fresnel equations.
